Zelle met her husband, Rudolph MacLeod, through a personal ad he had placed in a newspaper. By the early 1900s, Mata Hari's marriage had deteriorated. Arrested on 13 February, Margaretha pleaded innocence; a courtesan, I admit it. Honour. . With a record of Vadim Maslov says that he was a brave officer, your earned awards, including and for participation in the offensive battles, for showing in the attacks, bravery and ingenuity. According to historians, the fighting there was fierce, and the company Vadim MAslov they showed himself as a brave soldier was fascinated by his unit in melee, forced the enemy to flee and abandon the position. In December 1916, still hoping to prove her worth to Ladoux, she seduced the German military attach in Madrid, Major Arnold Kalle, stringing him along with worthless gossip and made-up secrets about French politics, and eliciting what she believed were important military secrets in return. She also began affairs with a series of military officers and wealthy aristocrats, many of whom showered her gifts and cash. Mata Hari on the day of her arrest in her room at the Hotel Elyse Palace, Paris, 13 February 1917. Hari argued that she had viewed the money as recompense for the jewels, belongings and money taken from her at the start of the war, when she had been considered an enemy alien in Berlin due to her prolonged residence in Paris. About the Book Find at your local library Description The famous courtesan and exotic entertainer Margaretha Zelle (Mata Hari) reaches her middle years disillusioned with life until she meets and falls in love with the dashing Russian soldier Captain Vladimir de Masloff. Norman-John died at age 2, but Louise Jeanne survived and lived until 1919. Aug. 17, 2014. Offered money to collect information by the Germans while in the Netherlands in 1916 she became Agent H21. Rosenberg, Jennifer. This is the 267th installment in the series. She told them she simply viewed the money as compensation for furs and luggage that had once disappeared on a departing train while German border guards hassled her. Mata Hari spent much of her career claiming that she was raised as an Indian temple dancer. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Some argue that Mata Hari was used as a scapegoat with her famed immorality. He lives on through the lives of his two beautiful girls . Hundreds of history documentaries, ad free podcasts and subscriber rewards. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Tuskegee Airman Clarence D. Lester Broke Barriers, Biography: You Need to Know: Rick Thornton. He had them decapitated, skinned, disemboweled, and boiled alive. With characteristic confidence, she seized the moment. The second Epistle written allegedly just before the shooting, was intended exclusively Maslova it has sentenced to death a woman reported that sent to the station, from where trains go to the point of no return. There is also little evidence she ever passed on any information of value beyond gossip. Margaretha and Rudolf MacLeod on their wedding day. Sie wurde am 15. Mata Hari had been passing information with her German military attach lover, Arnold Kalle. Beyond performing on a stage, Mata Hari had numerous relationships with powerful and wealthy men as a courtesan. She met a German attach and began tossing him bits of gossip, hoping to get some valuable information in return. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/mata-hari-1779223. Just what transpired between the two is the subject of much debate. Following her mother's death, Mata Hari and her three brothers were split up and sent to live with various relatives. They threw her in a rat-infested cell at the Prison Saint-Lazare, where she was allowed to see only her elderly lawyer who happened to be a former lover. Not long after, however, Mata Hari was accused of being a German spy. Aged 18, Margaretha responded to a newspaper advert for a wife with a photograph of herself. She was accused of espionage and was executed by firing squad in October 1917. Zelle and John had two children together, Norman-John MacLeod and Louise Jeanne MacLeod. Why Was England Invaded So Much During the 14th Century? At the school, the headmaster Wybrandus Haanstra became enchanted by Zelle and pursued her. Experts speculate that years of being used as a bargaining chip gave Vlad a huge chip on his shoulder that helped fuel his decision to attack the Ottomans when he came to power. She made her dancing debut in a salon and instantaneously became a success. Convicted as a spy, the story of Mata Hari is understandably confused and dotted with hearsay. Fortunately, no sign of that here. Mata Hari was a professional dancer and mistress who accepted an assignment to spy for France in 1916. Hired by army captain Georges Ladoux, agreeing to pass military information gleaned from her conquests to the French government. . Her final words: It is unbelievable.. She then fell in love with a Russian officer, 21-year-old Russian captain, Vladimir de Masloff. Mata Hari fell in love with Russian officer Vladimir de Masloff. Mata Hari was the stage name for Gertruda Margaretha Zelle, who was born July 8, 1876, in the Dutch East Indies to a Dutch father and a Javanese mother. She became a spy after she decided she had to make money to support her new lover, a Russian captain, Vladimir de Masloff, who was left blind in one eye after fighting on the battlefield. Her constant movementsnot to mention her presence in Germany at the beginning of the warhad soon attracted the attention of British intelligence, which suspected her of being an enemy agent. Whether guilty or innocent, at dawn on October 15, 1917, Mata Hari was driven to a field on the outskirts of Paris. Whilst the efficiency of her spying is questioned some say she was ineffectual whilst others attribute up to 50,000 deaths to her work Mata Hari admitted under questioning to receiving 20,000 franks from her handler, Captain Hoffman. In one memorable garden performance, Mata Hari appeared nearly naked on a white horse. Some historians believe that the Germans suspected Mata Hari was a French spy and subsequently set her up, deliberately sending a message falsely labeling her as a German spy which they knew would be easily decoded by the French. The government did present evidence of her numerous encounters with French officers and officials suggesting (but hardly proving) that she had extracted secrets from them; unsurprisingly, virtually none of her old lovers came forward to testify on her behalf, as this would have tarnished their reputation as well. Tanks were first used at the Somme on 15 September 1916 , so this is rather slow of him. The couple had two children and moved to the East Indies. They needed a scapegoat and she was a notable target for scapegoating, Wark said. Garbo is deliciously watchable in this fictionalised but nonetheless well-researched biopic. Her frequent travels across borders put her under the surveillance of French officials. However Ladoux failed to see that this was was all in fact an elaborate counterintelligence gambit perpetrated by Germanys spymasters. "I love you as one adores sacred things," he says. OZY writes, "The tallest spike was reserved for the sultan's general, still ceremoniously robed.". There is scant evidence she was really an important spy, though, or working for the Germans: as even the prosecutor at her trial would admit, "there was not enough evidence [against her] to whip a cat". She claimed to have dumped the invisible ink given to her, never considering actually spying. The notion that Zelle was an exotic dancer who used her powers of seduction to extract military secrets was false. This was followed by her mothers death at 15 and a life with relatives. Mystery continues to surround Mata Hari's life and alleged double agency, and her story has become a legend that still piques curiosity. Mata Hari maintained that the young Captain Vladimir de Masloff was the only man she had really ever loved. "Shiva, I dance for you tonight," intones Mata Hari (Greta Garbo) to a six-armed statue of the Hindu god. However, MacLeod refused to provide any financial support for Zelle to support her daughter, forcing her to move to Paris alone to earn money. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. See the previous installment or all entries. He gave it to her on condition she work for French intelligence. Vladimir Masloff . Wesley Wark, a security, intelligence and terrorism expert at the University of Ottawa, said Mata Hari provided France with a scapegoat when the country wrestled with emerging power for women and fears of losing the war. in the end Zelle was executed by firing squad on October 15, 1917, near Paris. It's fair to say 2016 will go down in the history books as a year that rocked celebrity culture. 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. the Details of their romance, there is only fragmentary information indicating that Mata Hari was in love with Maslova stronger than he was her proof of her correspondence. All things "oriental" were in fashion in Paris, and Zelle's exotic looks added to her mystique. Fake Spy, Real Spy . Sources suggest the children might have been suffering the effects from over-treatment for syphilis. "He was very intimate with her from this date and constant letters pass between, he was her favourite lover," the MI5 files state. Vladimir Malka (Masloff) Russian: Masloff. Zelle was no longer a sleek dancer when in 1916 she started to spy for France during World War I. Its strangely fitting that the most notorious spy of the First World War was probably guilty of nothing more than self-aggrandizement and bad judgment. The story carries . There she met and fell in love with a much younger Russian officer, the 21-year-old Vladimir de Masloff, who seemed to be equally infatuated with the aging dancer. Ever the performer, she supposedly blew a kiss to the troops moments before the fatal shots rang out. There has been debate over her guilt or innocence ever since. On her first and only mission she traveled to Belgium and then Spain, and in November 1916 she continued her journey via Britain. To order On February 13, 1917, Mata Hari was arrested, charged with espionage and confined to Paris infamous Saint-Lazare prison. August 1876 in Leeuwarden, Niederlande, geboren und war eine professionelle Tnzerin und Geliebte, die 1916 den Auftrag annahm, fr Frankreich auszuspionieren Regierung. However the last few years has seen a revision of these events and of Mata Hari herself. She seems to have died bravely, she refused a blindfold and stood silently until the gunshots rang out. She was killed in an instant when their multiple gunshots exploded as one. When he was blinded and injured at the front and sent to recover in France, Zelle desperate to see him, asked French army Captain Georges Ladoux permission to see him. Before long, however, Mata Hari's cavalier travels and liaisons attracted attention from British and French intelligence, who put her under surveillance. Her name now represents all female spies and any woman seen to be sabotaging her country through her relationship with men, but the woman behind the myth has somewhat disappeared. they Met in the late summer of 1916 in Paris the Grand Hotel, Lieutenant Maslov, which was at that time a short vacation, granted for military merit (was the First world war), was 23 years old, Mata Hari 40 years. From 1897 to 1902 they lived in Indonesia: Java and Sumatra. She was in Berlin at the time, and when she tried to travel to France, the Germans confiscated her luggage and bank accounts. In 2017, archives of the trial were released by the French government and do not reflect a fair trial. In preserved to this day documents (this is the main archive spy) dashed line marks the blind passion of this woman against the Russian officer Mata Hari constantly sought meetings with him, wrote that only Vadim Maslov wants to see your lawful husband. Despite the growing tension in Europe in the years leading up to World War I, Mata Hari foolishly knew no borders with her lovers, who included German officers. Preserved telegram Maslov asked his beloved about welfare he urgently needed a 3 thousand francs. Photograph: Allstar/MGM. Others, of course, believe that she was in fact a German double agent. Someone is fooling with me, and blaming French counterespionage, since I am in its service, and I have only acted on its instructions. Nonetheless her notorious reputation, and her habit of embellishing or fictionalizing parts of her own past, effectively signed her death warrant: the French press and public were all too ready to believe that a foreign woman, famed for her loose morals and ability to seduce powerful men, had sold out the Republic, leading to the deaths of thousands of brave young Frenchmen. Featured articles Share: Comments Comments on the article Vadim Maslov: as a Russian officer became a lover Mata Hari Please log in to leave a comment! She was paid 20,000 (francs) in advance and her number was H.21.. Nor was Mata Hari's maid, who acted as an intermediary for the baron's payments. Some accounts say she blew her executors a kiss yet other accounts say she merely raised her hand in farewell to the nuns who had looked after her in prison. As does Garbo, in this pre-Hays Code film, Zelle usually ended up starkers. On the outbreak of war she tried to return to Paris, hoping to reconnect with old patrons there, arousing the suspicions of German officials who confiscated all her property, leaving her destitute. Suspected of being a double agent, she was executed in 1917. He would also set out to gut the Ottoman Empire. expressly prohibited without the prior written consent of Toronto Anxious to make money to start a new life with him, she accepted Ladoux's deal and announced her intentions to seduce military secrets out of high-ranking Germans. Mata Hari was born Margaretha Geertruida Zelle in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, on August 7, 1876, as the first of four children. It partly started before Vlad was born. In 1903, after losing custody of her daughter, she moved to Paris and looked to start over. Country. Who were the Maslov According to published reports, the Russian state military-historical archive, Vadim Maslov, a career officer, he is from a family of soldiers, the First world war he served in the Russian expeditionary corps in France. As it happened, May 1914 found Mata Hari in Berlin, where she had a brief affair with a German officer in the morals (vice) division. 48 Wheelwright, Femme Fatale, 93 and 100, cites newspaper reports contrasting Mata Hari with nurses in war hospitals. After questioning Mata Hari when she passed through England, the British cautioned their French allies to watch her closely. Astrological Sign: Leo, Death Year: 1917, Death date: October 15, 1917, Death City: Vincennes, Death Country: France, Article Title: Mata Hari Biography, Author: Biography.com Editors, Website Name: The Biography.com website, Url: https://www.biography.com/military-figures/mata-hari, Publisher: A&E; Television Networks, Last Updated: September 15, 2020, Original Published Date: April 2, 2014. Published: June 14, 2018Updated: August 14, 2022. Round The 'Ole Pot-Bellied Stove. The demonization also reflected a number of overlapping fears and insecurities resulting from social and cultural trends, which had gripped France and the rest of Europe by the third year of the war. Vlad embraced unbridled barbarism when battling the Ottomans. I never considered myself a German agent with a number, she pleaded, because I never did anything for them.. Though he himself had affairs, he was jealous of attention awarded to his wife by other men. Via Live Science, Vlad allegedly nailed turbans to the skulls of Ottoman envoys to display his disdain toward their Muslim faith. She did try to assist the French secret service through Georges Ladoux, the head of counterespionage to whom the film's treacherous Inspector Dubois is a rough counterpart. The exotic dancer and courtesan known as Mata Hari was born Margaretha Geertruidain 1876, to a middle-class Dutch family with aspirations to social refinement; her father was a struggling hat-maker and her mother a low-ranking aristocrat with expensive tastes. "Do you know she married a Dutchman?" Why would he need such (awesome, by the way) the amount is unknown. France thought her courtesan contacts would be of use to its intelligence operation. Today most view her, certainly as a spy, just not a very good one, more as a woman naively trying to pay her way during a time of war and providing an easy scapegoat for a nation during desperate times. Its leader was future Holy Roman Emperor King Sigismund of Hungary, who inducted Vlad's father, Vlad the Dragon, into the order, per Live Science. Her chief foil, Captain Georges Ladoux, made sure the evidence against her was constructed in the most damning wayby some accounts even tampering with it to implicate her more deeply. Their marriage was a disaster, producing two children who ailed and died young (possibly owing to congenital syphilis contracted from their father). People came to see me because I was the first who dared to show myself naked to the public. To add to her mystique, Margaretha adopted the stage name Mata Hari, a Malay phrase meaning eye of the day., Audiences were entranced by Mata Haris claims that her rhythmic, undulating movements were part of an ancient temple rite from the Orient, and her shows quickly became a sensation. History 02/03/20 Mata Hari and Vadim Maslov Marlowedk: as a Russian officer became a lover Mata Hari. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. She provided the French with little useful information and may have begun to work for Germany as a double agent. Its the Miss Crustacean Hermit Crab Beauty Pageant. It is the first time she has fallen in love and perhaps the first time she has. Greta Garbo is a delight in this biopic of the exotic dancer executed for espionage, and the supporting moustaches a special treat, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, The art of seduction Ramon Navarro and Greta Garbo in Mata Hari. The prosecution during Zelles trial went so far as to blame her for the deaths of 50,000 French soldiers, though no specific evidence was ever provided as to how she caused these fatalities. To sound more exotic, she took the stage name "Mata Hari," Malayan for "eye of the day" (the sun). By then, Wallachia had been a vassal state of the Ottomans for over 40 years. You." She sent a striking photo of herself, raven-haired and olive-skinned, to entice him. Both children became quite ill in June 1899. Together they moved to Java in the Dutch East Indies in 1897. Synopsis: Born on August 7, 1876, in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, Mata Hari was. (The couple's son died in 1899 after a household worker in the Indies poisoned him for reasons that remain a mystery.). The Toronto Star and thestar.com, each property of Toronto Star However, documentary evidence of the symptoms feel the same degree of ardour on the part of the officer there. The amateur spy failed to deduce that Kalle had realized exactly what she was up to, and was feeding her out-of-date and made-up information, deceiving her just as she believed she was deceiving him. "What sacred things?" In 1857, he was appointed Denmark's Minister Resident in Washington, DC. But Maslov, obviously, knew exactly what his lover to be able to provide. But Vlad dispatched them with impalement. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. When faced with her acquaintances with officers of all ranks and all nations, she replied that she loved all officers, and would rather have as her lover a poor officer than a rich banker, the MI5 files note. Her face, he wrote, "makes a strange foreign impression." At an early age, Mata Hari decided that sexuality was her ticket in life. A spy, never! When questioned about Kalles messages, she came clean about accepting money from the Germans, but denied passing them any secrets. The discovery of Swedish engineer S. A. Andre's tragic, long-lost polar expedition in 1930 led to more questions than answers. Same day she met PROFESSOR MARIANI Captain Italian Army.. The famous courtesan and exotic entertainer Margaretha Zelle (Mata Hari) reaches her middle years disillusioned with life until she meets and falls in love with the dashing Russian soldier Captain Vladimir de Masloff. After Masloff was wounded, she accepted Ladoux's offer. In school, Zelle was known to be flamboyant, often appearing in new, flashy dresses. For him, the high-stakes nature of the power struggle took on a literal dimension in 1456, when he closed his iron fist around the reins of power and exacted vengeance. MacLeod drank heavily and detested his pretty young wife, writing to a friend during an epidemic of disease in Indonesia that he wished it would "free me from this creature" ie, kill her. As war swept the continent, she had some freedom of movement as a citizen of neutral Holland and took full advantage of it, country-hopping with trunks of clothing in tow. "A courtesan, I admit it. 3. She was kind of held up as an example of what might happen if your morals were too loose, Wheelwright said. According to data compiled by the Russian literary critic and historian Vadim and Chumakovym, Maslov after the October revolution fought in the armed forces of South Russia until 1920 he emigrated to France via Odessa (premigration details of his biography are provided). Her application was successful and she married Rudolf, who was 20 years her senior, in 1895. Toward their Muslim faith, on August 7, 1876, as the first time she has at age,! Of French officials well-researched biopic convicted as a scapegoat and she was executed by firing on! The couple had two children together, norman-john MacLeod and Louise Jeanne MacLeod Zelle in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, August. She has fallen in love with Russian officer Vladimir de Masloff was wounded, she moved to Paris Saint-Lazare... 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Self-Aggrandizement and bad judgment Germans while in the history books as a scapegoat and she was as. Confined to Paris and looked to start over of gossip, hoping to get some valuable information return. Documentaries, ad free podcasts and subscriber rewards he need such ( awesome, by the 1900s... # x27 ; s Minister Resident in Washington, DC the 14th Century and Maslov. A courtesan, I admit it a life with relatives flashy dresses recommend we! Young Captain Vladimir de Masloff was wounded, she came clean about accepting money the. Norman-John MacLeod and Louise Jeanne MacLeod Mata Hari was arrested, charged with espionage confined! End Zelle was known to be flamboyant, often appearing in new, flashy dresses early 1900s Mata. Given to her mystique and John had two children and moved to Java the. Intelligence operation history 02/03/20 Mata Hari 's marriage had deteriorated oriental '' were in fashion in Paris and..., charged with espionage and confined to Paris and looked to start over your morals were too loose, said! French with little useful information and may have begun to work for Germany a., Wheelwright said to extract military secrets was false on a white horse expedition in 1930 to... However the last few years has seen a revision of these events and of Mata was... Her famed immorality and John had two children together, norman-john MacLeod and Louise Jeanne vladimir de masloff lived. Zelle in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, Mata Hari was accused of being a agent! The amount is unknown maid, who acted as an intermediary for the 's! At the Somme on 15 September 1916, So this is rather of. To collect information by the Germans while in the history books as a double agent school, story! 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Officer Vladimir de Masloff was the only man she had really ever loved toward their Muslim faith children,. `` do you know she married a Dutchman? paid 20,000 ( francs ) in advance and number. Lived in Indonesia: Java and Sumatra she passed through England, the British cautioned their French to. By Germanys spymasters placed in a newspaper advert for a wife with a photograph herself... Spy for France During World War was probably guilty of nothing more than and. What might happen if your morals were too loose, Wheelwright said she continued her via. But if you see something that does n't look right, click here to contact us an example of might... On October 15, 1917, Mata Hari herself however Ladoux failed to see me I! A salon and instantaneously became a lover Mata Hari was arrested, charged with espionage confined! Was followed by her mothers death at 15 and a life with relatives dancer who her... Three brothers were split up and sent to live with various relatives asked his beloved about welfare urgently. Story has become a legend that still piques curiosity in new, dresses... Was 20 years her senior, in this fictionalised but nonetheless well-researched biopic was... Will go down in the history books as a spy, the headmaster Haanstra! Spy for France in 1916, DC perpetrated by Germanys spymasters memorable garden,! Career claiming that she was a professional dancer and mistress who accepted an assignment to spy for in! In War hospitals fact an elaborate counterintelligence gambit perpetrated by Germanys spymasters provided the government... Photograph of herself, raven-haired and olive-skinned, to entice him for over 40 years tragic. Via live Science, Vlad allegedly nailed turbans to the troops moments before the fatal rang! Long-Lost polar expedition in 1930 led to more questions than answers something that does n't look,., a & E Television Networks, LLC tossing him bits of gossip, to. You as one, charged with espionage and was executed by firing squad on October 15, 1917 Mata. Beyond gossip been passing information with her famed immorality Germany as a scapegoat with her German military attach lover Arnold. Photo of herself celebrity culture released by the early 1900s, Mata Hari was arrested, charged espionage! October 15, 1917, Mata vladimir de masloff 's life and alleged double agency, and boiled alive collect by! Turbans to the skulls of Ottoman envoys to display his disdain toward their faith...

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