things i won't work with chlorine trifluoridethings i won't work with chlorine trifluoride

It remains, with its chemical relatives, off in a part of chemical science that's safe from human exploitation. What chance has any oxidizer to compete with the annihilation power scale? Convince the enemy that you've found a way to effectively weaponise it. The same isn't true in a war zone, where speed is of the essence. The real question is whether it's all worth using. Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the formula ClF3. It can be kept in some of the ordinary structural metals-steel, copper, aluminium, etc.-because of the formation of a thin film of insoluble metal fluoride which protects the bulk of the metal, just as the invisible coat of oxide on aluminium keeps it from burning up in the atmosphere. In the 1930s, scientists Otto Ruff and H. Krug set out to find something easier to handle, but just as reactive. The fluoride coating on the storage chamber or in the weapon being used to launch it develops an imperfection, and the substance chews through and destroys the equipment. It can be kept in some of the ordinary structural metals-steel, copper, aluminium, etc.-because of the formation of a thin film of insoluble metal fluoride which protects the bulk of the metal, just as the invisible coat of oxide on aluminium keeps it from burning up in the atmosphere. In particular, CIF3 would make for perfectly destructive flamethrowers and bombs. 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Chlorine trifluoride was initially first observed back in 1930 by German chemists Otto Ruff and H. Krug after experimenting with chlorine monofluoride, an already dangerous substance, and theorising about the existence of a higher fluoride species. Required fields are marked *. Discovery, Inc. or its subsidiaries and affiliates. As others have pointed out, there are some problems with this idea. That means that it can potentially go on to burn things that you would normally consider already burnt to hell and gone, and a practical consequence of that is that itll start roaring reactions with things like bricks and asbestos tile. It is hypergolic with every known fuel, and so rapidly hypergolic that no ignition delay has ever been measured. Steel, copper, and nickel are not consumed because a passivation layer of insoluble metal fluoride will form which prevents further corrosion, but molybdenum, tungsten, and titanium are unsuitable as the fluorides that they form are volatile. It's a ruse to get them to fill tanks with "nitrogen or noble gases" and bring them into space for us to take away, by threatening them with the big dumb rocks we normally throw at each other. (An indexing machine is a rotating assembly with work-holders around its periphery that advances the work in steps through a series of stations followed by a pause during which operations at each station are carried out on the Page 12 of 31 Handbook of Advanced Lighting Technology DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-00295-8_1-1 # Springer International . Further, there is really little one can do to put out the fires it causes directly other than to let them burn off. Chlorine trifluoride appears as a colorless gas or green liquid with a pungent odor. It will not only set water on fire, but water makes it explode. I really have to salute the dedication involved in finding that out, though - after two or three violent explosions, you or I might be tempted to just say that we couldn't determine the products of the reaction. Generally, cotton and wool are readily available and cyanoacrylate is always a good thing to have on hand in first aid kits, due to its wound sealing ability. How can I make inferences about individuals from aggregated data? What is the hardest part of being a scientist. I am reviewing a very bad paper - do I have to be nice? How can I make the following table quickly? Some things are better left alone. It is not. The stuff could be used as an incredibly effective chemical weapon that was also cheap to produce. But using sword-chucks during WW2 won't do anything useful. Science Chemistry In the nuclear industry, chlorine trifluoride is used to prepare uranium hexafluoride, a volatile compound of uranium used in the separation of uranium isotopes. Chlorine Trifluoride-producing microorganisms. Lowe lists with incredulity all the substances he managed to react with it: ammonia (vigorous, this at 100K), water ice (explosion, natch), chlorine (violent explosion, so he added it more slowly the second time), red phosphorus (not good), bromine fluoride, chlorine trifluoride (say what? Chlorine trifluoride ignites on contact with almost any substance, burns at over 2000C, and will melt tanks, bunkers, schools, and pretty much anything it comes into contact with. But now, thanks to neuroprosthetic technology we can tap into nerve and brain function, and rewire these lost connections. Azidoazide Azide Storage and Weaponization. This technical report presents the IDLH value for chlorine trifluoride (CAS No. Review invitation of an article that overly cites me and the journal. Even the nukes do their job via a nuclear reaction, but that reaction isn't run at our military bases, ships or planes; a projectile starting that reaction when it arrives is used as a weapon instead. ), perchloryl fluoride (! What's that? Contrive for them to "find" semi-destroyed plans for a weapon prototype in a way that they can't help but believe is real. As a liquid, the substance is decidedly more threatening looking, taking on the form of a pale green substance. Cesium2. . When you compare the chemical energy stored in your ClFl3 to the kinetic energy required to accomplish the above, we don't really add much. National Institute for Occupational. These reactions are often violent, and in some cases explosive, especially with flammable materials. Ah, but that is their essential character. It reacts with water to form chlorine and hydrofluoric acid with release of heat. Okay, these are the values the ranges So 1st 70 days Over- # five which belongs to this. All rights reserved. Chlorine monofluoride These cookies work by uniquely identifying your browser and device. What are possible reasons a sound may be continually clicking (low amplitude, no sudden changes in amplitude), Storing configuration directly in the executable, with no external config files. Learn more about Teams . A design to accomplish this could have an armor penetrating exterior, then detonate and scatter a bunch of smaller sealed copper spheres like a shotgun blast that would ideally breach the inner walls and then combust. They had four explosions at -78C, while the fifth run (persistence!) It even sets fire to asbestos. Ill be lacing mine up if anyone tries to bring the stuff into my lab. Stargazers rejoice! The only known way to store chlorine trifluoride safely, which we use in the loosest possible sense, is to put it inside of a sealed containers made of steel, iron, nickel or copper which are able to contain the chemical safely if theyre first treated with flourine gas. Sure, it can kill people and destroy equipment. They did produce it in non-negligible amounts, but it became clear that using it as a weapon would be a terrible idea in much the same way that mustard gas in World War I was a bad idea: It can turn on the soldiers attempting to deploy it. You just have to stay safe from it before and while you apply it. Experimentally we would expect the bond angle to be approximately 87.5.To determine the molecular geometry, or shape for a compound like ClF3, we complete the following steps:1) Draw the Lewis Structure for the compound (for ClF3: https://youtu.be/4FX__czAHDE).2) Predict how the atoms and lone pairs will spread out when the repel each other.3) Use a chart based on steric number (like the one in the video) or use the AXN notation to find the molecular shape. What screws can be used with Aluminum windows? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. [F-]. We have Plexiglas, a rubber glove, clean leather, not-so-clean leather, a gas mask, a piece of wood, and a wet glove. . Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Simple Things theme by Dan Hauk. Your email address will not be published. That process, I should add, would necessarily have been accompanied by copious amounts of horribly toxic and corrosive by-products: its bad enough when your reagent ignites wet sand, but the clouds of hot hydrofluoric acid are your special door prize if youre foolhardy enough to hang around and watch the fireworks.. Contact with organic materials may result in spontaneous ignition. Storing it aboard your spaceship is too risky, sure, as other answers have noted. This stuff was designed from the foundation of the universe to fulfill that trope! Put someone on the same pedestal as another. Never work on a pressurized system. Indirectly useful? ut non et, dapibus. Done on a Dell Dimension laptop computer with a Wacom digital tablet (Bamboo). Chlorine Trifluoride: Some Empirical Findings, Stratospheric Chlorine: Blaming It on Nature, Chlorine Isotope Fractionation in the Stratosphere. But the stuff would make for a great story. Rather fortunately, chlorine trifluoride. Its been used in the semiconductor industry to clean oxides off of surfaces, at which activity it no doubt excels. How to provision multi-tier a file system across fast and slow storage while combining capacity? The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind: Creating Currents of Electricity and Hope (P.S.) I do not dispute your basic assertion because the conclusion is also true: the delivery of the manufacturing process in the context of a weapon is almost always more complex than simply delivering the weapon - which is why we drop nuclear bombs rather than the manufacturing processes that build the bombs. Thats one of those statements you dont get to hear very often, and it should be enough to make any sensible chemist turn around smartly and head down the hall in the other direction. How massive does earth need to be to start fusion reaction? ClF3 also reacts with water to give hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen chloride, along with oxygen and oxygen difluoride (OF2): It will also convert many metal oxides to metal halides and oxygen or oxygen difluoride. Are there some dangerous experiments that scientists/physicists are too afraid to execute? Could a spaceship use a "ClF3 Mortar" to fire copper shells at enemy vessels? I have not encountered this fine substance myself, but reading up on its properties immediately gives it a spot on my no way, no how list. Your email address will not be published. Click the who am i page to see a list a shit ill do for strangers. What they'd concocted was chlorine trifluoruide, the most vigorous fluorinating agent known to humanity. Again, more conventional munitions would probably be sufficient to cripple a ship from the inside, and your ship will probably have some onboard already. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the chemical formula ClF3. Contact with organic materials may result in spontaneous ignition. Only 30 tons of the chemical were ever made, and it was thankfully never used in combat. "Another thing I always enjoy in these papers is the list of recommended protective gear. Pretty cool article either way. What ClF3 can do to an enemy spaceship that a good old atomic bomb can't do? Not sure about sword-chucks, but sword fights. Chlorine trifluoride is one of the most horrifying substances on Earth. The experiments all seemed variations on A vaguely white substance was added to another vaguely white substance; after 12 hours, a small amount of white substance was produced. After all, while youd need to use less fuel thanks to its extreme oxidizing capabilities, if you had a rocket accident, youd potentially be spewing tons of this stuff all over the place with no real effective way to deal with the situation. Take heed. AAAS is a partner of HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef and COUNTER. According to eyewitness reports, the chemical burned straight through a foot of concrete and three feet of gravel while simultaneously releasing a deadly cloud of gas containing a cocktail of chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride, chlorine and hydrogen chloride that corroded every surface it came into contact with. An explanation of the molecular geometry for the ClF3 (Chlorine trifluoride) including a description of the ClF3 bond angles. Chlorine and fluorine are nasty enough by themselves, but at least in normal conditions they bond with themselves in diatomic molecules, which reduces their hunger for electrons of their neighbours. It can be kept in some of the ordinary structural metalssteel, copper, aluminum, etc.because of the formation of a thin film of insoluble metal fluoride that protects the bulk of the metal, just as the invisible coat of oxide on aluminum keeps it from burning up in the atmosphere. The most spontaneously reactive species are usually not spontaneously produced themselves. I dropped the wrench and blew up the missile!" Chlorine Trifluoride (ClF3) SC (Semiconductor) is a nearly colorless gas with an irritating odor similar to chlorine or mustard with an extremely low odor threshold. Well, it's been a bit too serious around here this week. While World War II raged on, the Nazis took interest in CIF3, to nobody's surprise. Any equipment that comes into contact with ClF3 must be meticulously cleaned and then passivated, because any contamination left may burn through the unfluorinated material faster than it can re-form. (The challenge with a substance like chlorine azide is finding something that it won't react with violently):Owing to the extreme instablity of the compound accurate determinations of the bioing and melting points have not been made as yet. . Imagine flying through space and inconveniently running through a cloud of this stuff. Fe+3 then reacts with OH- of water forming Fe(OH)3 a brown ppt and H+ of water reacts with the remaining Cl- to make the aqueous solution acidic by forming HCl. [14] This structure agrees with the prediction of VSEPR theory, which predicts lone pairs of electrons as occupying two equatorial positions of a hypothetic trigonal bipyramid. Aggregated data water to form chlorine and hydrofluoric acid with release of heat,,..., at which activity it no doubt excels: Blaming it on Nature, chlorine Isotope Fractionation in semiconductor! 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